New Research in Japan May Help Develop New Postsun Repair Products

In August 2023, France experienced scorching heat in late summer. A woman uses a small fan to cool down on a street in the southern French city of Nice

In August 2023, France experienced scorching heat in late summer. A woman uses a small fan to cool down on a street in the southern French city of Nice. Xinhua News Agency (photographed by Serge Abuzi)

Xinhua News Agency, Tokyo, October 10th (Reporter Qian Zheng) Ultraviolet radiation can cause DNA damage, and many other organisms in the human body do not have the mechanism to repair damaged DNA. Researchers from Tobon University and Nagoya University of Technology in Japan recently reported that they have discovered an enzyme that can be constructed in vitro and can be artificially regulated to repair damaged DNA after exposure to sunlight. In the future, it is expected to develop sun protection and post sun repair products containing this enzyme through this mechanism to treat DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation.

The object of this study is an enzyme that has similar functions to DNA photolyase in repairing damaged DNA. This deoxyribonuclease called UV1C was obtained through in vitro selective construction. Previous studies have shown that this deoxyribonase forms a special structure called "parallel guanine quadruplex" in the presence of sodium ions, thereby absorbing 305 nanometer-wavelength ultraviolet radiation that is not normally absorbed by DNA structures, in order to repair damaged DNA.

In this study, researchers first confirmed through experiments that UV1C can indeed repair damaged DNA in the presence of sodium ions. Next, the researchers changed the concentration of sodium ions and measured the formation of guanine quadruplex. They found that when the concentration of sodium ions exceeded 500 millimoles per liter, UV1C not only formed parallel guanine quadruplexes, but also mixed guanine quadruplexes. These two types of guanine quadruplexes coexist in a state. And based on the estimated amount of guanine quadruplex and the amount of repaired damaged DNA, it can be calculated that both UV1C structures have the ability to repair damaged DNA by absorbing specific wavelengths of ultraviolet light.

The team stated that these new findings will help develop more effective sunscreen and post sun repair products in the future. The relevant paper has been published in the new issue of the American Chemical Society journal "American Chemical Society Omega".

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