First Drosophila Cellular senescence Map Published

Science and Technology Daily, Beijing, June 15 (Reporter Zhang Mengran) Understanding how the body ages is an important research field. Researchers from Baylor College of Medicine, Stanford University and other institutions published the first Drosophila Cellular senescence Atlas (AFCA) in Science, which describes in detail the aging process of 163 different cell types in Drosophila

Science and Technology Daily, Beijing, June 15 (Reporter Zhang Mengran) Understanding how the body ages is an important research field. Researchers from Baylor College of Medicine, Stanford University and other institutions published the first Drosophila Cellular senescence Atlas (AFCA) in Science, which describes in detail the aging process of 163 different cell types in Drosophila.

Analysis shows that different cells in the body have different ages, and the aging process of each cell type follows a specific pattern. AFCA provides valuable resources for aging research and will serve as a reference for studying aging and age-related diseases, as well as evaluating the success of anti-aging strategies.

The new study provides a detailed analysis of several biological characteristics of individual cell types in fruit flies during natural aging in the laboratory. Drosophila is a famous model for studying human diseases. Approximately 75% of genes related to human diseases have functionally similar counterparts in fruit flies. Researchers said that the new atlas provides a powerful Open access resource for better understanding of aging biology. Due to the fact that most of these genes have similar roles in humans, this dataset provides a favorable perspective to help explain why humans experience multiple serious diseases in their later years.

As fruit flies age, researchers take samples at 30 days, 50 days, and 70 days (the latter being equivalent to 80 years old in humans). At each time point, they conducted mononuclear RNA sequencing to analyze gene expression changes in individual cells in different organs and compared the results with those of young fruit flies (5-day-old). They examined four different aging characteristics: changes in cell composition, the number of differentially expressed genes, changes in the number of expressed genes, and a decrease in cell identity. The results showed that as fruit flies age, these characteristics change as a whole based on specific patterns of different cell types.

Each of the four aging features measures different aspects of the cell, and none of the features are applicable to all cell types. Combining all aging characteristics, researchers have discovered unique cell type specific aging patterns, and comparing them can reveal some useful and interesting findings. For example, neurons in the brain age slowly, while muscle, fat, and liver Cellular senescence age faster. In addition, cell type specific aging patterns may vary depending on gender.

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With the growth of body age, organ function gradually declines, and the risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, neuro Degenerative disease and other diseases will increase. Therefore, the study of aging has become an eternal topic of mankind. The important findings of this article imply that specific aging patterns of different cell types can be used to measure biological age, i.e. the relative aging state of organisms, and are independent of actual age. This will provide a further understanding of factors such as diet, medication, and disease, which may alter the aging trajectory, resulting in the body being younger or older than its actual age.

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