Evidence of rare Higgs boson decay

Science and Technology Daily, Beijing, May 29 (Reporter Liu Xia) According to a report on the official website of the European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN) on the 27th, at the recent physics conference of the Large Hadron Collider, the agency's experimental team of the toroidal instrument experiment (ATLAS) and the compact muon coil experiment (CMS) jointly released a report that they found the first evidence that the Higgs boson boson decayed into Z boson and photons, which is expected to provide indirect evidence, Prove the existence of new particles beyond the prediction of the standard model of particle physics.In 2012, CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) discovered the Higgs boson

Science and Technology Daily, Beijing, May 29 (Reporter Liu Xia) According to a report on the official website of the European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN) on the 27th, at the recent physics conference of the Large Hadron Collider, the agency's experimental team of the toroidal instrument experiment (ATLAS) and the compact muon coil experiment (CMS) jointly released a report that they found the first evidence that the Higgs boson boson decayed into Z boson and photons, which is expected to provide indirect evidence, Prove the existence of new particles beyond the prediction of the standard model of particle physics.

In 2012, CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) discovered the Higgs boson. Since then, ATLAS and CMS teams have been working hard to study the properties of this unique particle and try to determine the different ways it produces and decays into other particles.

The standard model of particle physics predicts that if the mass of the Higgs boson is about 125 billion electron volts, the probability of its decay into Z boson and photons is about 0.15%, but some extended theories predict different decay rates. Therefore, measuring the decay rate is expected to provide valuable insights into physics beyond the standard model and the properties of the Higgs boson boson.

In a new study, ATLAS and CMS worked together to prove for the first time that the Higgs boson can decay into Z boson and photons, combining the data sets collected by the two teams during the second round of LHC operation from 2015 to 2018, and using advanced machine learning technology to distinguish between signals and background events. The statistical significance of this result is 3.4 standard deviations, which is lower than the 5 standard deviations required by particle physics to declare a research as a "discovery".

The researchers explained that the process of Higgs boson decaying into Z boson and photons is similar to that of decaying into two photons. In this process, the Higgs boson will not decay directly into these particle pairs, but there will be an intermediate link to decay into "virtual" particles. These "virtual particles" cannot be directly detected, and may include new particles that have not yet been discovered interacting with the Higgs boson.

The CMS team stated that the presence of new particles may have a significant impact on the rare Higgs decay mode, and the latest research is a powerful test of the standard model.

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