Chinese scientists found nickel oxide superconductor at liquid nitrogen temperature, which is expected to break the mechanism of High-temperature superconductivity

On July 12, the journal Nature published the achievements of Professor Wang Meng's team from Sun Yat-sen University and other units: the first discovery of nickel oxide superconductors in the liquid nitrogen temperature zone. This is the first new High-temperature superconductivity system independently discovered by Chinese scientists

On July 12, the journal Nature published the achievements of Professor Wang Meng's team from Sun Yat-sen University and other units: the first discovery of nickel oxide superconductors in the liquid nitrogen temperature zone. This is the first new High-temperature superconductivity system independently discovered by Chinese scientists. It is the second unconventional superconductor material found in the liquid nitrogen temperature region. It is an important breakthrough in the field of basic research "from 0 to 1". It is expected to promote the understanding of High-temperature superconductivity mechanism, make it possible to design and predict High-temperature superconductivity materials. In the fields of information technology, industrial processing technology, superconducting power, biomedicine and transportation, Implement a wider range of applications.

Superconducting materials have the special properties of absolute zero resistance, complete Diamagnetism and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect, so they have important scientific and application values. Five Nobel Prizes have been awarded in this field. Chinese scientists also won the first prize of the National Natural Science Award twice and the Highest Science and Technology Award once for their breakthroughs in the superconducting field. In 1986, scientists first discovered copper oxide superconductors, and then scientists from many countries raised their superconductivity temperature to liquid nitrogen temperature, that is, more than 77K (Kelvin). The cheap and easy availability of liquid nitrogen has promoted the large-scale application of copper oxide High-temperature superconductivity materials. However, the mechanism of High-temperature superconductivity is still unknown and has become one of the most important scientific problems in physics in the past 40 years.

Professor Wang Meng introduced that the team took three and a half years to successfully grow nickel oxide LaNiO single crystal through continuous efforts relying on the public scientific research platform of the School of Physics of Sun Yat-sen University, and then carried out experimental research on the high-pressure experimental research platform of Sun Yat-sen University, South China University of Technology, the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Synchrotron radiation device in Beijing. It was quickly determined experimentally that this single crystal material could achieve superconductivity under pressure, The transition temperature reaches the liquid nitrogen temperature range, up to 80K. This is another high-temperature superconductor with completely different system after the copper oxide high-temperature superconductor.

"This time, we found that the valence of nickel oxide in High-temperature superconductivity is+2.5, far away from the positive valence that people thought was prone to superconductivity, which exceeded previous theoretical expectations. Its electronic structure and magnetism are completely different from copper oxide, and through comparative research, it is possible to promote scientists to crack the mechanism of High-temperature superconductivity." Professor Wang Meng introduced, "According to the mechanism, it is expected to design and synthesize more new and easier to apply High-temperature superconductivity materials after crossing with computer, AI technology and other disciplines, so as to achieve more extensive applications."

This discovery has received high praise from the reviewers of Nature magazine, stating that it is "of outstanding importance" and "a groundbreaking discovery". After being published on the research paper preprint platform during the review stage, this discovery quickly received widespread attention and follow-up research from researchers in the field of superconductivity worldwide. Over a month, more than ten related theoretical and experimental works have been published one after another.

This work was led by Wang Meng, a professor in the School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University. Sun Hualei, an associate researcher of the School of Physics of Sun Yat-sen University, and Huo Mengwu, a doctoral candidate, are the co first authors of the paper, and Wang Meng and Zhang Guangming, a professor of Tsinghua University, are the co corresponding authors of the paper. In terms of experiments, the team was supported by Tang Lingyun and Mao Zhongquan from South China University of Technology, Cheng Jinguang from the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Han Yifeng, Ph.D. from Arizona State University; In theory, Yao Daoxin, professor of Sun Yat-sen University, and Hu Xunwu, doctoral candidate, carried out material structure and energy band calculation based on Density functional theory, and Zhang Guangming, professor of Tsinghua University, proposed a physical image to understand the experiment and calculation results.

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