The Early Water Diversion Project from Han to Wei Rivers Achieves "Hand in Hand" between the Yangtze River and the Yellow River

Source: Original manuscript by People's DailyPeople's Daily, Beijing, July 17 (Jiao Lei) On July 16, the national key water conservancy project - the Water Diversion from Han to Wei River Project officially opened to Xi'an, and the beautiful wish of the Han River flowing through the Runze Guanzhong area of the Qinling Mountains has become a reality. Among them, the Qinling Water Diversion Tunnel is a key control project for the entire Han to Wei River Diversion Project

Source: Original manuscript by People's Daily

People's Daily, Beijing, July 17 (Jiao Lei) On July 16, the national key water conservancy project - the Water Diversion from Han to Wei River Project officially opened to Xi'an, and the beautiful wish of the Han River flowing through the Runze Guanzhong area of the Qinling Mountains has become a reality. Among them, the Qinling Water Diversion Tunnel is a key control project for the entire Han to Wei River Diversion Project.

It is understood that this water supply project takes water from the Sanhekou Reservoir, which has an annual water supply capacity of 500 million cubic meters from the Han River to the Wei River. After passing through the Qinling Water Diversion Tunnel, it flows for 12 hours and enters the Huangchigou Water Distribution Hub. Entering the Xi'an water supply pipeline of the Heihe Jinpan Reservoir through the Heihe Water Supply Connection Tunnel, the official water supply from the Han to Wei River Diversion Project to Xi'an is achieved, marking a significant and critical progress in the Han to Wei River Diversion Project.

The Han to Wei River Diversion Project is one of the 172 major water conservation and water supply projects determined by the State Council during the 13th Five Year Plan period. It consists of water transfer projects and water transmission and distribution projects, with a total investment of approximately 51.6 billion yuan. The project is located across the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins. Water is transferred from the Han River basin in Yangxian County and Foping County of Hanzhong in southern Shaanxi to the Weihe River basin in Guanzhong. It can meet the domestic and industrial water demand of four key cities, including Xi'an, Xianyang, Weinan and Yangling, five new cities in Xixian New Area, 11 districts and counties on both sides of the Weihe River, including Chang'an District, Lintong District, Xingping and Fuping County, as well as Weibei Industrial Park. The total water receiving area is 14000 square kilometers, The beneficiary population is 14.11 million.

Assembly of TBM in the Qinling Water Diversion Tunnel. Respondents provide pictures.

It is understood that the Qinling Water Diversion Tunnel is the main project of the entire Han to Wei River Diversion Project, with a total length of 81.8 kilometers. It is the first time in human history that it has penetrated the Qinling Mountains from the bottom. The maximum burial depth of the tunnel reaches 2050 meters, which is the deepest in the world among similar projects. The geological conditions in the area where the Qinling Water Diversion Tunnel passes through are complex, and various geological disasters occur in a comprehensive superposition. The Lingnan TBM section of the Qinling Tunnel from Han to Wei, constructed by China Railway Tunnel Bureau, was constructed using an open TBM hard rock tunneling machine with an excavation diameter of 8.02 meters. The main tunnel in this section is 10 kilometers long and has the characteristics of "three highs, two strengths, and one length", which includes high rock strength, high quartz content, high temperature and humidity, strong rock burst, strong water gushing, and long-distance single head construction. It is the construction section with the highest construction difficulty, frequent rock burst, and highest rock strength in the entire project.

Interior view of Qinling water conveyance tunnel. Respondent provided pictures

During the entire construction process, the builders of China Railway Tunnel Bureau successively overcame world-class tunnel construction difficulties such as rock burst, high temperature, sudden water gushing, and ultra long distance ventilation. They achieved scientific research results in the treatment of sudden water gushing during TBM construction and the construction method of TBM quickly passing through rock burst sections. At the same time, they continuously explored and innovated in extremely hard rock excavation and long-distance single head construction, providing China with strong rock burst We have accumulated valuable technical and management experience in the field of extremely hard rock tunnel construction.

It is reported that the early opening of the water diversion project from Han to Wei has constructed a network pattern for optimizing the allocation of water resources in Shaanxi, which is conducive to solving the problem of uneven spatial and temporal distribution of water resources in Shaanxi, significantly enhancing the regulatory and supply capabilities of water resources, and playing a significant supporting role in promoting the improvement of the ecological environment and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. (Intern Yang Jiajue also contributed to this article)

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