#Everything we see and get is very scientific#Another unprecedented project is about to be completed in full! Not inferior to the South to North Water Diversion,Our country chisels through the Qinling Mountains to connect the Han River with the Wei River!If you have a little knowledge of geography, you will know,The Qinling Huaihe River line is the geographical boundary that distinguishes the southern and northern regions of China, and the strategic significance of the Qinling Mountains in China is evident.Jia Pingwa, a famous writer, wrote in his works: "There is a dragon vein stretching, supporting the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, leading the north and south

#Everything we see and get is very scientific#

Another unprecedented project is about to be completed in full! Not inferior to the South to North Water Diversion,Our country chisels through the Qinling Mountains to connect the Han River with the Wei River!

If you have a little knowledge of geography, you will know,The Qinling Huaihe River line is the geographical boundary that distinguishes the southern and northern regions of China, and the strategic significance of the Qinling Mountains in China is evident.Jia Pingwa, a famous writer, wrote in his works: "There is a dragon vein stretching, supporting the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, leading the north and south. This is the Qinling Mountains, the greatest mountain in China!"

Afterwards, people gave a domineering title to the majestic and stretching Qinling Mountains - "Dragon Vein".

A groundbreaking feat in China - Introducing the Han Dynasty to the Wei River

However, in July of this year, a shocking news came from Shaanxi Province, located in the Guanzhong region of China - China's "dragon vein", the thousands of miles of Qinling Mountains, had been pierced! And this is the first time in human history.Even so, it was a deliberate act taken as a last resort to ensure the water supply for the people in the Guanzhong area!

Why on earth did the Chinese government order the excavation of the Qinling Mountains, which is known as the "dragon vein"? Will this bring any benefits to the general public? This requires mentioning our countryOne of the largest water conservancy projects after the "South to North Water Diversion" - the "Diversion of Han River to Wei River"!

The diversion of Han to Wei River is a feat that China has successfully crossed the bottom of the Qinling Mountains for the first time, and it is also a groundbreaking engineering achievement. So, what is the diversion of Han to Wei River?

This is actually easy to understand. "Han", also known as the abbreviation of the Han River, is the largest tributary of the Yangtze River with abundant water volume; And "Wei", also known as the abbreviation of the Wei River, is the largest tributary of the Yellow River. Although it is the same as the Han River as the "largest tributary", its water volume is far inferior to the Han River due to the ecological differences between the Yellow River and the Yangtze River.

Even by feeling alone, we can still know the difference in water volume between the north and south of China. To use professional geographical knowledge, this is how to describe this difference:More in the south and less in the north, with dry winters and rainy summers.This has also directly resulted in different Natural landscape in the north and south of China, such as the desert and gobi in the north, the Jiangnan water town in the south, and so on.

Taking the Yellow River and the Yangtze River as examples, this gap is also very obvious: the annual runoff of the Yangtze River reaches 951.3 billion cubic meters, ranking first in the country, while the annual runoff of the Yellow River is only 66.1 billion cubic meters. Although it is the second longest river, it is only fourth in terms of annual runoff in the country.

Moreover, there are frequent floods in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, where there is not only no shortage of water, but also the feeling that there is too much water; The Yellow River, on the other hand, not only has a high sediment content, but many water bodies often stop flowing during the dry season. This phenomenon is particularly severe when precipitation is low and the climate is dry - the Han River and Wei River, as tributaries of the two major rivers, also inherit their characteristics.

In the 1980s, Xi'an, which relied on the Yellow River and its tributaries for water supply, was already one of the most water scarce cities in China; In the 1990s, the Yellow River in the Guanzhong region was also cut off, reaching a length of over a hundred kilometers;In the summer of 1995, the ancient capital of Xi'an suffered a severe drought for over 150 consecutive days, and the government had to extract groundwater to alleviate the situation. However, doing so resulted in severe ground subsidence and even the sinking of the clock towerThe Giant Wild Goose Pagoda leans.

The phenomenon of water shortage has not been alleviated until the 21st centuryIt has seriously affected the construction and economic development of local cities, especially when there is a shortage of water, which even affects people's livelihoods... It is imperative and urgent to solve the water shortage problem in Shaanxi region. China's former Minister of Water Resources has come forward to call for the national "rescue of Xi'an"!

Fortunately, the "South to North Water Diversion" project has brought a glimmer of vitality to the water shortage problem in Shaanxi region. Transferring the excess water from the south to the north through digging canals and other means became the implementation strategy of China's later "Water Diversion from Han to Wei" project.

However, due to the fragile ecology of the Yellow River region, the construction of the West Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project has been delayed, and the problem of water shortage in Shaanxi has not been fundamentally solved.

The "Water Diversion from Han to Wei" project was put into operation after the improvement of water diversion technologies such as mountain digging, water diversion, and river opening in China, in order to thoroughly solve the water shortage problem in Shaanxi region.As a tributary of the Yangtze River, the Han River is abundant in water resources. Shaanxi, especially in the Guanzhong region, relies on the Wei River but suffers from severe water shortage. The so-called "diverting Han to the Wei River" naturally refers to diverting the water from the Han River over mountains and mountains to the Wei River, which is thousands of miles away, in order to alleviate the water shortage problem.

On December 8, 2011, the Water Diversion Project from Han to Wei River officially began construction, and on July 9, 2023, ten years later, the first phase of the water transfer project was finally completed. In human historyfirstDigging through the Qinling Mountains and completing a great feat, the people of Shaanxi will soon be able to drink the water of the Han River!

How to "attract Han"? How to 'Ji Wei'?

You must be curious. Since the Han to Wei River Diversion Project is a historic and groundbreaking feat, how is it truly a 'strong' method? Actually,You can only glimpse the grandeur of the "Dragon Vein" Qinling Mountains and the complexity of the Yellow River Basin ecosystem, let alone the technological breakthroughs hidden within it!

Before the start of the project, after extensive investigations by geographers, geologists, water flow scientists, engineers, and other staff from National University of China, the route to divert the Han River to the Wei River was finally selected, consisting of three water conservancy hubs, three reservoirs, and two tunnels. They are:Huangjinxia Hub (Reservoir), Sanhekou Hub (Reservoir), Huangchigou Hub (Reservoir), as well as Huangsan Tunnel and Qinling Tunnel.

Due to the difference between water diversion projects and road construction projects, it is necessary to follow the natural law of water flowing downwards. Therefore, the entire project needs to divert the water from the Huangjinxia Reservoir on the Han River,First, through the water pumpRaise it by over 100 metersThen, it passes through the Huangsan Tunnel and enters the Sanhekou Reservoir. Afterwards, it passes through the 98 kilometer long Qinling Tunnel, allowing the high and descending water to flow to the Huangchigou Reservoir and enter the Guanzhong Plain.

The difficulty of the entire project lies in the technology of pumping water from the Huangjinxia Reservoir to a higher level, as well as the technology of digging mountains and tunneling freely through the thick Qinling soil.

In order to successfully pump water to a height of over 100 meters in the Huangjinxia Reservoir, China invested a huge sum of money to build a large-scale pumping station tailored to the Huangjinxia Reservoir, with a pumping speed of 70 cubic meters per second,This struggle, which goes against the law of "water flowing downwards", shows us the bravery and fearlessness of humanity in facing nature and the spirit of the Chinese people's determination to conquer nature.

It is this huge pumping station that first sends water from the Han River into a 119 meter high tunnel through a vertical shaft, firing the first shot of the Han to Wei River Diversion Project!

When digging through the deepest Qinling Tunnel in the Qinling Mountains, Chinese engineers even used the world's TBM tunnel hard rock tunneling machine, which is almost the most advanced technology for drilling through mountains.Opening the Qinling Mountains from the bottom is the first attempt in human history. The quartz content at the bottom of the Qinling Mountains is as high as 96%, which is extremely hard and difficult to shake. However, for the sake of livelihood, engineers can only bravely give it a try.

TBM tunneling machine is 320 meters long and 8 meters in diameter. It is affectionately and vividly called "Digging Dragon" and "Pangolin". It relies on the rotation of the cutter to achieve the effect of drilling holes. After a period of time, the cutter must be replaced if it is worn.Under normal circumstances, the number of tools that need to be replaced in a week is 3, but when we got through the Qinling Mountains, the number of tools replaced in a week reached a staggering 123, indicating the difficulty of the project.

Even so, the monthly excavation distance of TBM tunneling machines is only about 150 meters, while workers endure high temperature and humidity environments more than 2000 meters underground. They also need to be constantly vigilant against the superposition of disasters such as strong noise, rock bursts, water inrush, landslides, and harmful gases. For this reason, many geological experts in China have called the construction difficulty of this project "unprecedented in the world".

In order to overcome difficulties, Chinese engineers not only adoptTBM excavation methodThe drilling and blasting method, also known as the traditional drilling and blasting method, has been used to connect 27.3 kilometers and 7.2 kilometers respectively.During the construction process, until the completion of the project, the workers never experienced a serious injury or more accidents, which undoubtedly set another world record.

Water conservancy projects that contribute to the present and benefit the future

From the perspective of History of ChinaDayu passed through his house three times without enteringTo control water, to the construction of the world's oldest canal canal, and then toQin Shushou, Li Bing, presided over the construction of Dujiangyan Irrigation Project, the oldest water conservancy projectThe establishment of New China, the world's largest water conservancy hub projectCompletion of the Three Gorges DamThe eastern and central lines of the South to North Water Diversion Project have been opened, covering 100 cities.

None of these water conservancy projects can be attributed to the present age. The projects that benefit the future generations have sheltered generations of Chinese people from being eroded by floods, and have also created prosperous cities, such as the "Land of Abundance" under the shelter of Dujiangyan Irrigation Project.Isn't the Han River Diversion Project like this? Having solved the long-standing water supply problem that has plagued the Shaanxi region, it is believed that in the future, the water shortage in the Shaanxi region will continue to improve.

The Chinese people will never stop fighting against the heavens or the earth, which is their indomitable spirit.After the completion of the first phase of the Han River Diversion Project to the Wei River, engineers tirelessly began the construction of the second phase. This time, the Han River water will enter deeper areas in Shaanxi, covering more areas and benefiting more people.

In response, the Shaanxi Provincial Department of Water Resources stated that,At the end of June, the Han River water diverted from the Han River to the Wei River may achieve early water supply. Perhaps, at the time of the article's publication, the people of Shaanxi had already drunk the Han River water, and in the future, the Han River to Wei River project will create more miracles!

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